The impact of iPads on children Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The impact of iPads on children - Research Paper Example A number of studies have been conducted to show the positive benefits of iPads and tablet PC’s on children. In one such study conducted by Dundar & Akcayir (2012) that sought to try and compare the electronic reading performance, reading comprehension and reading speed of primary school 5th-class students using printed books and tablet PCs, the researchers selected a randomly selected sample size of 20 students. The study was designed in such a manner that the students were divided into the two groups of a control group and a treatment group. Whereas the students in the control book read ordinary printed books, the students in the treatment group read the same text on electronic tablet PC display. The findings of the study showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups in either reading speed or reading comprehension. However the study found that students’ opinions pertaining to the use of tablet PCs was significantly positive. The ergonomics, display quality and availability of tablet PCs was noted to have a positive effect on students who could read the text on the tablets like a book (Dundar & Akcayir, 2012). Tablet PCs can be used in both the vertical and horizontal positions and the size of the text can be easily adjusted to allow for students to read the books more easily and hence make the learning process easier. The results of this study were found to be similar to that which was conducted by Clarke & Svanaes (2012) that analyzed the feasibility of giving pupils tablets. In this study, researchers established that the iPad greatly contributed to the motivation of pupils to become more engaged with school work. The study also showed that tablets were especially beneficial to children that happened to have special educational needs. The technology promotes inclusion and improves com munication and

Giuseppe Garibaldi Essay Example for Free

Giuseppe Garibaldi Essay Giuseppe Garibaldi was born in 1807 and lived until the year 1882. As an Italian revolutionary and irregular general, he began his long and varied livelihood as a revolutionary striving for the liberation as well as the unification of Italy by joining in Giuseppe Mazzini’s vain revolt at Genoa in 1834. Forced to leave Piedmont, he run away to South America where he spent the subsequent fourteen years, gaining knowledge and experience fighting in various battles. First, he grappled as a guerrilla general plus as a privateer for the province of Rio Grande Del Sol against Brazil, and then he served as a commander of an Italian legion in support of Uruguay against Argentina (Panero, 2005, 3). At the time when Italy rose in insurrection in 1848, he came back and raised 3,000 men to assist the king of Piedmont that is, Carlo Alberto. Obligated to flee the country yet again, subsequent to defeat at the first battle of Custoza, Garibaldi soon returned to manage the defense of the last remnants of the revolution that was-Mazzini’s Roman republic. He was able to hold off the collective armies of the French, Austrians, Spanish, along with the Neapolitans for a number of weeks. Nevertheless, the republic finally came down and Garibaldi runaway to America (Panero, 2005, 5). Despite the fact that Garibaldi fought for Piedmont for the duration of the Franco-Austrian war of 1859, he is perhaps greatly remembered for his role in conquering the monarchy of the kingdom of the Two Sicilies. In May of the year 1860, he set out to liberate southern Italy from the suppressive rule of King Francis II. On 11th May, he arrived with his so called Red shirts at Marsala, Sicily, and ruined the Neapolitan army in numerous battles. He then went on to cross the Stratits of Messina on 22nd August and moved up the peninsula, being greeted ardently by the people along the way. On 7th September, his forces took over Naples (George, 1911, 12). In March 1861, Garibaldi gave up his conquest to King Vittorio Emanuele of Piedmont in order to realize his lifetime dream of having a united and independent kingdom of Italy. Even though most of the Italian peninsula was under the decree of Vittorio Emanuele, the Papal States remained apart. In August 1862 as well as in January 1867, he endeavored to take Rome. These attempts failed due to French interference, and the Papal States were only integrated into the kingdom whilst the French withdrew their troops in 1870. Garibaldi had won a signal conquest. He gained worldwide fame and the praise of Italians. Faith in his prowess was so strong that uncertainty, perplexity, and dismay seized, sadly, even the Neapolitan court. Six weeks later, he marched alongside Messina in the east of the isle. There was a fierce and difficult battle at Milazzo, however Garibaldi won through. By the end of July, only the citadel refused to give in. Having finished the invasion of Sicily, he crossed the Strait of Messina, with the aid of the British Navy, and thus marched northward. Garibaldi’s progress was met with more festival than resistance, and on 7th September, he entered the capital city of Naples, via train. In spite of taking Naples, however, he had not to this point defeated the Neapolitan army (Riall, 2007, 9). Garibaldi’s volunteer army was not capable of defeating conclusively the reorganized Neapolitan militia at the Battle of Volturno. This was the biggest battle ever fought, but its outcome was in effect decided by the arrival of the Piedmontese Army. Following this, Garibaldi’s plans to protest on to Rome were jeopardized by the Piedmontese, technically his ally but unwilling to risk hostilities with the French, whose army sheltered the Pope. Garibaldi sustained his career as a general by ruling Italian troops, with some triumph, all through the Austo-Prussian war of 1866, which resulted in Austria surrendering Venetia to the kingdom of Italy (Farmer, 2006, 4). He again commanded an Italian volunteer force, this time in support of the new-fangled French republic during the Franco-Prussian war of 1870 to 1871. After the war, Garibaldi led a political party that fought for the capture of Rome, the peninsula’s antique capital. In 1867, he again rallied on to the city, but the Papal militia, supported by a French supplementary force, proved a match for his ill-armed volunteers. He was shot and consequently wounded in the leg on the Aspromonte, taken captive, held prisoner for a time, and then again brought back to Caprera. When the Franco-Prussian battle broke out, Italian public outlook heavily favored the Prussians, and several Italians tried to sign up as volunteers at the Prussian embassy in Florence. After the French defense force was recalled from Rome, the Italian armed forces captured the Papal States without Garibaldi’s aid. Subsequent to the wartime collapse of the Second French Empire at the combat of Sedan, Garibaldi, undaunted as a result of the recent hostility shown to him by the men of Napoleon III, changed his support toward the newly-declared French Third Republic. Consequently, Garibaldi went to France and assumed authority of the Army of the Vosges, a militia of volunteers that was on no account ever defeated by the Prussians (Panero, 2005, 24). Despite being elected once more to the Italian parliament, Garibaldi spent a great deal of his late years in Caprera, a small island off the coastline of Sardnia. He nevertheless supported an ambitious project of land recovery in the marshy region of southern Lazio. In 1879 he founded the League of Democracy advocating worldwide suffrage, the closure of ecclesiastical property, and maintenance of the standing militia. Though confined to a bed by arthritis, he made several trips to Calabria and Sicily. In 1880 he married Francesca Armosino, with whom he had in the past born three children with (Riall, 2007, 13). After the finale, Garibaldi’s long career as a warrior came towards an end. After serving some years as a deputy for Rome in the Italian parliament, he spent his very last years on a farm in Caprera writing narratives. Significance and Influence of Giuseppe Garibaldi Giuseppe Garibaldi devoted most of his life to the cause of Italian harmony. His utmost triumph was the 1860 overthrow of the Kingdom of Naples, the incident which hastened Italian unification. In May of that year, Garibaldi arrived in Sicily with a volunteer force of one thousand and seventy men. Within two weeks this force had captured the city of Palermo, forcing the surrender of an army of 20,000 patrons. In August, Garibaldi crossed over to the Italian mainland, routing the Neapolitan militia in a series of conquests and capturing Naples itself within the same month. Garibaldi’s March turned out to be one of the grand legends of the nineteenth century mutually because of the genius with which Garibaldi prevailed over vast military odds, and, just as importantly, because of the powerful political symbolism of the occasion in an age in which ethnic and cultural groups more than ever responded to nationalism’s call in a Europe still dominated by the dynastic rule blocs of an earlier era. There can be no uncertainty that the March, whose progress was fervently followed in United States against the European dynastic oppression, was viewed in this nation as a great vindication of the right of the individual to political self-rule. It also encouraged Southern leaders to political leaders in their progress towards secession at exactly the time when accounts of Garibaldi’s exploits come out in the American press. Nor is it by chance that in 1876 Wade Hampton’s followers, in their opposition to the continued existence of Federal troops in South Carolina, appropriated the name of Garibaldi’s followers, the Red Shirts, for themselves (George, 1911, 67). Garibaldi’s fame, his skill at inspiring the common people, and his military exploits are all credited with making the amalgamation of Italy possible. He also served as a global exemplar during the mid-19th century revolutionary patriotism and liberalism. But following the deliverance of southern Italy from the Neapolitan monarchy, Garibaldi chose to forfeit his liberal republican values in favor of unification. Garibaldi subscribed to the anti-clericalism which was ordinary among Latin liberals and did a great deal to circumscribe the temporal supremacy of the Papacy. His personal religious beliefs are unclear to historians. In 1882 he wrote the book ‘Man created God, not God created Man’, however, this conflicted with what he wrote in his autobiography as there, he claimed to be a Christian. Nonetheless, an active freemason, Garibaldi had little use for practices, but thought of masonry as a system to connect progressive men as brothers both within nations and also as members of a global society. He was eventually elected the ostentatious master of the Grand Orient of Italy. When Giuseppe Garibaldi died at Caprera in 1882, five ships of the Italian Navy were named after him, among which a World War II cruiser, the existing flagship, and the aircraft carrier Giuseppe Garibaldi as well (Farmer, 2006, 17). Statues of his portrait, as well as the handshake of Teano, stand in many Italian squares, and furthermore in other countries around the world. There is also a statue of Garibaldi on horse-back on top of the Gianicolo hill in Rome. His face was initially turned in the direction of the Vatican. This was as a representation of the illusion to his aspiration to conquer the Papal States, but after the Lateran Treaty in 1929 the direction of the statue was altered upon the request of the Vatican (George, 1911, 106). Book reviewers have cited Garibaldi as being the only admirable figure in every respect in modern history. In its admiration for example, the Nottingham Forest which was a team of English football designed their sporting kit after the uniform worn by Garibaldi along with his men and have since worn a variation of this design since being established in 1865. The Garibaldi biscuit was also named after him, as was a distinct style of bread. The Giuseppe Garibaldi Trophy has been awarded per annum since 2007 within the Six Nations rugby union structure to the champion of the match between France and Italy, in remembrance of Garibaldi. Work Cited Farmer Allan. How was Italy Unified? Allan Farmer Examines the Processes which Led to the Unification of Italy. History Review, 2006, pp. 4, 17 George Trevelyan. Garibaldi and the Making of Italy. Rome, Longmans, Green, 1911, pp. 12, 67, 106 Panero James. Giuseppe Garibaldi: My Life, New Criterion, Vol. 23, 2005, pp. 3, 5, 24 Riall Lucy. Garibaldi: The First Celebrity. History Today, Vol. 57, 2007, pp. 9, 13

William Gibson’s Neuromancer: the Creation of a Language :: Essays Papers

William Gibson’s Neuromancer: the Creation of a Language Published in 1984, Gibson’s Neuromancer, with its vision of technological and impersonal life in the twenty-first century, echoes George Orwell’s ironic commentary on the controlling and dehumanising bureaucracy associated with post-war society. Writing in an era when technological and scientific advances are increasingly prominent, often to the detriment of humanity, Gibson differs from other science fiction writers in that he uses existing contemporary themes and issues, forecasting a possible and believable future and simultaneously providing a commentary on late twentieth-century society which his audience can relate to. His version of this not-so-distant future stems from an observation of contemporary post-colonial society in which national identity is shown to be insignificant, as uniformity reigns supreme. Speaking of the influences on his fiction, he states: I see myself as a kind of literary collage-artist, and sf as a marketing framework that allows me to gleefully ransack the whole fat supermarket of 20th century cultural symbols (Maddox, Tom. â€Å"Cobra, She Said: An Interim Report on the Fiction of William Gibson.† Fantasy Review 4: April 1986, 46- 8). Through the novel Gibson was responsible for creating the terms â€Å"virtual reality† and â€Å"cyberspace†, and in an increasingly computer literate age these terms would be adopted by a generation of users, becoming an independent and universal language. Within the novel cyberspace is described as a consensual hallucination experienced daily by billions of legitimate operators, in every nation, by children being taught mathematical concepts... A graphic representation of data abstracted from the banks of every computer in the human system. Unthinkable complexity. (Gibson, William. Neuromancer, 67). As technology has advanced with inventions such as the Internet and computer simulated images, the possibility of existing within this alternative world has become a reality. Therefore it can be argued that Gibson’s futuristic vision has in fact been realized, within a few years of the novel’s publication, and reinforces the view put forward by Maddox: â€Å"If the 20th century has a distinct narrative voice, this is it† (Maddox. Fantasy Review, 46-8). Gibson addresses global concerns with his depiction of advances in technology leading to the computer becoming an independent life form. Despite the intentions of those responsible for creating this technology, it is this artificial intelligence which triumphs at the end of the novel. Echoing the viewpoint of Jean Baudrillard, who believes that reality is shown to be irrelevant in contemporary society due primarily to technological advances, the simulated world of cyberspace is shown to offer individuals greater possibilities and rewards than the harsh reality ever could.

The Divine Comedy: Dante Essay examples -- essays research papers

The Divine Comedy: Dante   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The character of Dante in The Divine Comedy who descended into the inferno caused me to stop and think about this awful place. As the reader I got to take an imaginary journey with Dante to a horrible place where I do not care about going. While Dante descended into hell I plan on ascending into heaven someday. Dante had a choice to make whether or not to get back on the right path. It came down to heaven or hell - choose.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I think it was willed for Dante to see this place while he was still living. By seeing hell while he was alive Dante could be sure and make the right choices to find his way back to the straight path. Being on the right path in his lifetime would ensure he would not spend eternity in such a miserable place. I believe the whole purpose of this journey into hell was to let Dante see the anguish there and choose. Perhaps this was a divine warning. In Canto 2, Beatrice, the symbol of Divine Love, an angelic spirit was sent to help aid Dante from his error and help him return back. This is purely love and compassion at its best. Sending someone into hell to rescue another person out of there. Great lengths were taken to help Dante return back to the straight way. I do not believe such action was taken if Dante was to end up in hell all along.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  For some reason midway in Dante's life's journey he had gone astray and at this point was searching for...

French and Indian War Essay

The French and Indian War altered the political, economic, and ideological relations between Britain and American colonies. Ideologically, this War brought up resentment toward Britain this changed the political relationship between Britain and its colonists because the British were forced to unfairly tax them due to their debt. The French and Indian war transformed North America by only leaving the British and the colonists left in their region. Greedy as the British were they did not treat the colonists fair by taxing them lead to resentment that lead to the American Revolution. After the French and Indian War, North America completely changed. Before 1754 English, French, Spanish, and the Russians had a portion of North America that they had power over. After 1763 the French were completely left out and had no land at all. (Document A) This impacted Britain and American colonists politically because it lead to the Proclamation of 1763 where Native Americans believed that the white people were not allowed to settle in their land that they had inhabited for hundreds of years. (Document .B) Britain thought that with the proclamation everything would turn out great, but it did not it just angered the colonists. They were angry because they believed they had no freedom. After the French and Indian War, England had to pay off a huge debt that had been accumulating over the years. The only way they saw to pay this was to regulate trade meaning that they would have fully control and know who and what they are trading with, and to tax everything. Britain made these changes and angered the colonists even more because the colonists felt it was not fair that all of a sudden they started taxing everything. (Document F) Taxation had a huge impact on the economic relationship between the colonists and their mother country because many of these acts forced the Americans to ship their raw materials to Britain, only to later buy the finished products from them. Mercantilism was soon abandoned when the colonists rebelled. An act that really angered the colonists was the Stamp act. Colonists furious of these taxations used boycotting as their weapon, they practiced non-importation and non-consumption. Although hurting the colonists and the British, the British soon came to realize that they were not messing around.(Document G) Colonists coming together and boycotting these acts had a huge impact on the British ideological values. The colonists felt that taxation was another thing that they should be mad at the British for. It added more stuff to what was already going on. The colonists were already mad about the Proclomation and just taxing everything did not make colonists happier. The colonists soon came to understand that they had little to no freedom which lead to the idea of becoming independent. Thinking that they could stand on their own. They don’t need the British. (Document D) The French and Indian war brought up resentment toward the british this changed the political relationship between Britain and the colonists because of the taxation that the British put on everything. Colonists began to change their mindset from being one whole colony to believing that they could stand on their own and become independent thus leading to the Revolution.

Morrison essays

Morrison essays Toni Morrisons, Beloved, is a complex narrative about the love between mothers and daughters, and the agony of guilt.It is the ultimate gesture of a loving mother. It is the outrageous claim of a slave.? These are the words, of Toni Morrison, used to describe the actions of Sethe, the central character in the novel. She, a former slave, chooses to kill her baby girl rather then let her live a life in slavery. In preventing her from the physical and emotional horrors of slavery, Sethe has put herself in to a realm of physical and emotional pain: guilt. And in understanding her guilt we can start to conceive her motivations for killing her third nameless child. Did Beloveds death come out of love or selfish pride? In preventing her child from going into slavery, Sethe, too, protected herself, she prevented herself from re-entering captivity. In examining Sethes character we can see that her motivations derive from her deep love towards her children, and from the lack of love for herself. Sethes children are her only good quality. Her children are a part of her and in killing one she kills a part of herself. What hinders over Sethe is her refusal to accept responsibility for her babys death. Does she do this because she is selfishness or because it need not be justified? Sethes love is clearly displayed by sparing her daughter from a horrific life, yet, Sethe refuses to acknowledge that her show of compassion is also Throughout the work, seems to have two separate identities, which affect her actions. When reunited with Paul D., Sethe recalls her reactions to School Teachers arrival with no mention to her daughters death. Oh, no. I wasnt going back there [Sweet Home]. I went to jail instead?(42) Sethe believes she made a moral stand in not letting herself be taken into custody. In her statement she has done two things, she has disa...

Labor Costs essays

Labor Costs essays If were going to explain why some people earn a great deal of income while others earn very little, we must consider both the supply and the demand for labor. We usually ask ourselves why does the average college graduate earn over $40,000 while the average high school graduate earn less than $25,000? To find answers to these questions we must examine the behavior of labor markets. We first must start by looking at supply of labor, which is the willingness and ability to work specific amounts of time at alternative wage rates in a given period. Offering to sell your time and talents to anyone whos willing to pay the right price. The reward of working comes in two forms: 1) The intrinsic satisfaction of working MBA grads say they care more about the intrinsic satisfaction than the pay. They also get huge paychecks however; those big paychecks are explained in part by the quantity of labor supplied. MBA grads often end up working 60 or more hours a week. The reason people are willing to work so many hours is that they want more income. Not working obviously has some value, too. We need some non work time just to recuperate form working. We also want some time to watch television, go to a soccer game in other word enjoy the goods and services weve purchased. The inevitable trade-off between labor and leisure explains the shape of individual labor supply curve. As we work more hours, our leisure time becomes scarce and more valuable. The upward slope of an individuals labor supply curve is thus a reflection of two potential phenomena (look at p.305 figure 15.1): 1) The increasing opportunity cost of labor as leisure time declines 2) The decreasing marginal utility of income as a person works more hours. Some people will work because of flexible hours or just to have time at home, for this reason people do not always go for what the wage is. Sometimes people are willin ...

Free Software vs. Piracy essays

Free Software vs. Piracy essays There is a crack, a crack in everything, thats how the light gets in (Fravia +). There are many types of programs to download off the Internet; for every type of program, there are numerous software titles. For example, say you want a feature rich word processing program but are not sure what kind to get. A search on the popular download site Cnet.com for word processor will find at least fifty programs such as Star, AbiWord and Atlantis, among others. Out of all the programs listed, two thirds fit the criteria desired; they are also the ones that cost a significant amount of money. In the past two years, I have learned, through reading information provided on various newsgroups and websites, the ins and outs of acquiring software at no cost. I will not only explain how to find, install and keep any program for free, I will attempt to rationalize why it should not be a crime to do what many people might define as piracy. I want to begin by stating that while many of the expressions used in this paper will be defined, it will be assumed most of the common terms (i.e., file, download, serial number, password, etc.) will not need to be explained. There are many reasons why I prefer not to pay for software. One small but important one is that I dont have the money to buy overpriced programs. However, Ill get into that more a little later. Lets begin by figuring out what to do first. For example, perhaps you are trying to find some information on the web for a research paper but are having a hard time trying to sort out all of the information. You remember a friend mentioning a program that will access over 1000 search engines and narrow the results down to the most relevant. You know the programs name is Copernic, so you go to a download site, such as Cnet or ZDnet, and put in a search for it. After reading the details, you realize that you want it, except it cost ...

Homeland Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Homeland - Coursework Example A request for assistance because of an emergency, which might eventually qualify for assistance in accordance with Stanford Act, may be done. The state governor of the state within which this incident has happened may request to the president to give directions to the defense secretary to use resources of DOD to execute emergency work, which is necessary for life and property preservation (Burkett, 2009). 2. The first priority of the state happens to its citizens in the case of terrorism. Incase terrorists are apprehended, all they are looking forward to is negotiation for their life safety or to make demands for whatever they had planned. It is important for an incident commander, to remember not to negotiate with the terrorists. The policy of the United States Counter terrorist unit is that: The government of United States makes no concessions with persons trying to kill or holding American citizens hostage. As an incident commander, one is the United States’ government representative and should do everything and utilize every appropriate resource available to secure the American citizens held hostage. It is the policy of the United States government to refuse hostage takers and terrorists benefits of ransom, policy changes, pioneer releases, as well as any other concession acts (Global Focus, 2015). 3. The department of defense happens to be within federal response to local occurrences while the response of the Department of Defense is coordinated totally through mechanisms that are listed within the National Response Framework. Within its provision for support during emergency responses, the command for Department of defense remains with the secretary of defense. However, the National Guard forces are under the governor’s control and command. Within NRF, nothing exists that hinders the statutory authority of the defense secretary as far as the resources as well as DOD personnel are concerned. Unity of command and command concepts has

One of the three topics in the instruction Essay

One of the three topics in the instruction - Essay Example To cope up with these challenges the academic institutions and recruitment authorities should perform their responsibilities. The American Dental Education Association has declared that the healthcare providers have failed to give proper treatment competent to the cultural differences to the minorities which call for a diverse workforce (ADEA, 2005). The healthcare providers especially the dentists should concentrate towards increasing the workplace diversity as it is the first step to strength the relationship between the doctor and patient. The healthcare providers are somewhat successful in serving patients who belong to their own race or culture but when it comes to the minorities it becomes crucial for them to give equal treatment and therefore the workforce must be racially diverse. The Sullivan Commission Report states that 62% of black patients are treated by black dentists and 10.5% of black patients are treated by white dentists (Sullivan Commission on Diversity in the Healthcare Workforce, 2004). This clearly indicates that the health care services are highly affected by the racial differences. Another factor that emphasizes upon the need of workforce diversity is that the patients belonging to different cultures have entirely different beliefs for instance, in among Muslims anyone out of the immediate family cannot touch a woman and these women ask for a female doctor for themselves, for such conditions there should be a healthcare provider who clearly understand the patient’s reservations and can deal with their insecurities. The workplace diversity also minimizes the communication barriers between the patient and doctor. When the doctor communicates in the language of the patient and satisfies him with his concern and knowledge about his background then the patient feels comfortable and easily discusses the

Citizen Kane Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Citizen Kane - Movie Review Example But Charles is not able to adjust himself to the new group. One of the main reasons for this could be that Charles was never able to identify with Mr. Tatcher. This becomes more evident when Charles tells Mr. Tatcher and Mr. Burnsteen that he might have been a really great man if he weren't rich. When one is forced to do something outside his/her interest or values, he/she is subject to feelings of tension and stress. To handle this discomfort, one uses various coping methods. One of the main coping methods Charles was using was to act out and refuse to cope with the situation. Charles then goes on to get expelled from many prestigious colleges. His expulsion surely was not an indication that he was an inefficient person. The fact was that Charles Kane had turned into a rebel. When the parents he trusted so much give him away, it leaves Charles with a bitter feeling of betrayal. It causes him anger and he seeks revenge. He seeks revenge not just by getting expelled from colleges, but also when he has to make a choice to start his career, he refuses to take over wealthy gold mines, oil wells, shipping companies and real estate agencies. Instead he chooses to take over 'The New York Daily Inquirer', a newspaper that is on the verge of being closed. His thirst for revenge is all the more evident when he declares that he would like to win all that Mr. Tatcher hates. One of the stages in Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development is 'Identity v/s Role Confusion'. At this point of time, we get to see that Charles as a young adult had not been able to develop a n identity and instead was confused about the role he was playing. Time passes by and Charles' quest for love begins in a big way. Charles marries Emily Monroe Norton, niece of the US President. Charles marries for love. He also enters politics to win the love of the voters. But both, his marriage and career in politics come to an end with his extra marital affair with Susan Alexander getting revealed. What draws Charles to Susan is her innocence and simplicity. She reminds him his simple childhood. Charles later on marries Susan and bribes her in all the ways possible to win her love. But Charles fails to give Susan what she wants and even his second marriage comes to an end with Susan leaving him in his estate. At this point, another stage in Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development that comes to mind is 'Ego Integrity v/s Despair'. Older adults need to look back on life and feel a sense of fulfillment. Success at this stage leads to feelings of wisdom, while failure results in regret, bitterness, and despair. Charles is all by himself in the last few years of his life and has none of his loved ones by the side of his death bed. The words Charles utters just before his last breath catches the attention of the reporters, but none of them are able to understand its significance. He just says, "Rosebud". Initially, when Tatcher was at Charles' Parents' house to pick him up, Charles shoves a sled at Tatcher and pushes him away. Until then, Charles was enjoying himself in the snow with this same sled. The two words painted on the sled was 'Rosebud'. Charles leaves behind that sled in his parents' house. Tatcher gifts him a new sled for the next Christmas, but it never replaces the 'rosebud' sled in Charles' heart. In the last few

Information Technology in Healthcare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Information Technology in Healthcare - Essay Example As the paper highlights obtaining images of X-ray from Radiology Information System (RIS) a component of eHealth requires access to the site. An x-ray taken today can be shared and deliberated as soon as it is available electronically.  From this research it is clear that  to obtain x-ray image from PACS, a client of physician should have correct credentials for the search. Firstly, the client establishes network connection with PACS server. Second step involves preparing C-MOVE or C-GET request message through filling C-MOVE requisition, which should be matched with those in the server. The request is sent and a feedback is given in a list of DICOM attributes. From the feedback, the client extract images. Often takes approximately less than 10 minutes depending on the network strengths. The major errors encountered when getting images from EHR includes patient identification errors. These errors occur as a result of incorrect information is used to link an individual to an actio n. It causes a mismatch between patient and the care plan. Another error occurs during patient journey, and as a result repetition of images may occur. Lastly, the flow of patient identification mismatch occurs at the initial stage of data entry. When using PACs, the common errors is the hanging protocol display, which causes retrieving of images to take unnecessarily longer. Since the images are not organized by default, identification and processing of images may result in misalignment, which is a potential error.  

Arguments Participation Paper 5 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Arguments Participation Paper 5 - Assignment Example The entire poem employs images related to garbage and waste. But the tone changes toward the end and the poet stands up through her destruction. The poem draws the story behind the street side Rosie and does not ignore her just as yet another roadside tramp. â€Å"Miss Rosie† by Clifton can be related to the poet’s emphasis on the strong women character; she is gender conscious and is proud to ‘stand up through the destruction’ and admire the qualities and experiences the woman has gained. It recalls Dahomey woman behind the Clifton family in US. Citations and their relation to the argument: 1. (line 5) compares sands to time and introduces the main idea of time; 2. (line 6) shows the poet becoming conscious of time running out so fast and quick; 3. (lines 11,12) form the core of this poem stating the poet’s desire to win over time and go back to past and do or undo things; 4. (line 17) speak of how tides pull the waves in with the sand on the shore; time is running out; a comparison is drawn between tide and time; time and tide wait for none. Patricia Smith’s â€Å"Walking Along the Beach† is a poem on the power of time and the inability to win over it to go back to the past. Time does not wait for any one, but is on its way when tide comes in. The sand clock gets emptied. The poet is conscious of the urgency of time. Calm beach is contrasted with sands being pulled in by the tides. Time and tide wait for

Information Technology in Healthcare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Information Technology in Healthcare - Essay Example As the paper highlights obtaining images of X-ray from Radiology Information System (RIS) a component of eHealth requires access to the site. An x-ray taken today can be shared and deliberated as soon as it is available electronically.  From this research it is clear that  to obtain x-ray image from PACS, a client of physician should have correct credentials for the search. Firstly, the client establishes network connection with PACS server. Second step involves preparing C-MOVE or C-GET request message through filling C-MOVE requisition, which should be matched with those in the server. The request is sent and a feedback is given in a list of DICOM attributes. From the feedback, the client extract images. Often takes approximately less than 10 minutes depending on the network strengths. The major errors encountered when getting images from EHR includes patient identification errors. These errors occur as a result of incorrect information is used to link an individual to an actio n. It causes a mismatch between patient and the care plan. Another error occurs during patient journey, and as a result repetition of images may occur. Lastly, the flow of patient identification mismatch occurs at the initial stage of data entry. When using PACs, the common errors is the hanging protocol display, which causes retrieving of images to take unnecessarily longer. Since the images are not organized by default, identification and processing of images may result in misalignment, which is a potential error.  

Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

Reflection - Essay Example It is important to use the five Ps of ethical power, which are purpose, pride, patience, persistence, and perspective. If being ethical is part of your objective or purpose you will always do things that are morally right. One should take pride in doing what is right and should not feel inferior if ridiculed for being ethical. Ethical workers or leaders at work place should also be patient, they should have faith that things will work out right because they can handle any situation. Persistence is when we continually do what is right at work place no matter the situation. One should not just act ethically for convenience or because he is forced to do so. Perspective is the capacity to see what is important and right. If we reflect on the five Ps in our workplace then we can bring about ethics in our organizations. Ethical Challenges The major ethical challenges facing employers are abusing power and using deceptive information. The employers have the power to employ the workers in a work place. Employers are most of the times tempted to abuse this power. This is done through employing those within their social network, asking for sexual favors from employees, inadequate pay, or unequal payment. The employers may employ their relatives or friends who are less qualified and leave applicants who are more qualified. The employers may also ask for sexual favors from employees in return for promotions or employment. Employers will always want to maximize profits so they may pay sub standard salaries to achieve their objective. The employers may also give high salaries to those they are related to. Using deceptive information comes about when the employers want to win the favor of their employees. They may promise pay increments which might not be forthcoming in the long run. Therefore, the major challenges facing employers comes from recruitment, payments and promotion. The challenges facing supervisors include abuse of power, using deceptive information and betrayin g loyalties. Supervisors are normally put in charge of other workers. They may be tempted to act unethically by abusing their power. This can be through harassing employees below them (Johnson 9). They can also give false testimony about a certain employee so that he can be sacked. Supervisors can also ask for sexual favors from employees so that they can be assigned less duties or they are promoted. They can also use their power to absent themselves from duty. These are just but a few examples of abuse of power as a major ethical challenge. The second ethical challenge would be betraying loyalties. This comes about in two ways. There are standards that the organization may set for the supervisors to follow. These standards even though may be good the supervisors may not be comfortable with them. In this case the supervisors may act otherwise hence acting unethically. The second instance is where the organization sets unethical rules and regulations that they expect the supervisors to implement. One example is where the employer expects workers to work overtime without extra pay. The supervisor being their leader has to see this done. He may not be comfortable with this idea but now he will have a tough choice to make; either to betray the loyalty to his seniors or to act in an ethical manner. In this case he will require a strong moral will to stick by his moral standards. Employees face the challenge of abuse of loyalty and conflict of interest. Abuse of loyalty is a major

Money and Well Being Essay Example for Free

Money and Well Being Essay Abstract   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Money and subjective well being are focused in several studies. People tried to connect money and subjective well being. They are different with each other yet they may have common relationship. Money and well being are studied to acquire concise reasons for such relationship or agree with its disconnection. Introduction:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What is the power of money? It can do anything. But what is its power to do such things? How can a single work of art, as some considered controls people’s lives? Who gives it such power? For some, it is precious. But, we cannot also deny that there are several people who don’t give much value. But for that sake of those who value it, is it the components which compose it that makes it valuable? How precious really money is? These are examples of questions that we never tried to ask but obviously exist. They are the questions that lie behind the representation of wealth.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Before the existence of money, people are engaged in trading; foods, clothing, etc. People will go to a market to trade their goods. Everything has its own value; each has its own equivalent. People noticed the disadvantage of such way of trading. As time goes by, they created pennies made of gold and silver. Each coin has its own value. A single coin may value from a single slave to a dozen one. Some will now have the chance not to bring goods for trading as they will only bring coins. Since then, more and more people crave to have more gold coins or a silver one. But, as what we’ve seen today, neither gold coins or silver pennies no longer exist. Everything was changed into copper coins or a paper bill with great prints to ensure its uniqueness. But how can a paper or a copper acquire power? What, on the other hand, is the effect of it in our lives? How does money control people’s lives? How can we determine if we are being controlled? Measuring money and subjective well being   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   How important (value) money is? Almost everything can be connected to the involvement of money. From day to day lives, money is involved. We never notice the involvement or it did not give a great impact since we are used to its existence and involvement. We live in a world where money plays a great role.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   We can not quantify the importance or value of money unless we site its uses. What can money do? We can acquire good education through money. We can have food in our refrigerators even if we did not plant because of money. Almost everything in this world involves money.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On the other hand, people’s happiness sometimes involves money. There are several reasons for this but can be summarized into one: it is because, the necessities in life can only be acquired with the aid of money specially those who are living in a city. Money represents material wealth that you have. In other words, buying through money is another way of trading. People traded their wealth with the things they want. Trading/buying exists because not all people can produce the things that they need in order to survive. And, those who have the capability to produce want also to acquire things which they don’t have. In other words, trading still exist. Those who are employed in an office traded their strength with wealth in order for them to trade it again with their necessities.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Now we will examine subjective well being. Survival is the main reason why people engage in trading and why money is involved. People are glad when their needs are met. But, they are happy when their wants are acquired. When do we see people are satisfied? People are never satisfied. For if they are, they will no longer crave or work for more. They will just work the way they are everyday. They will not aim to have more. Therefore money is important in one’s happiness because money is the key to acquire things that a person needs. Correlation to money and subjective well being   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Money is directly proportional to subjective well being. Some disagree with this. But most, will even give an example or proof that will justify the argument. Most people often said that money is not a tool or key of their happiness. It only gives negligible amount of happiness, they said. But why do people work? Why do people never rest to have money just for a single day? Although indirectly it did not contribute happiness or subjective well being, it somehow gives by meeting the needs and wants of a person. We did not notice it because either we are used to it or we only see the top impact. We did not dig until we see the bottom.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another ironic among people is the mentality that they did not consider money as a contributor to subjective well being but then still crave to have more. They are not contented with what they have, as what they supposed to be based on their claims. But, as money continually being used, money is always directly proportional to subjective well being. Income Effect on People’s Happiness   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Income is the main concern of every human being. It is the key or tool for them to survive. A research conducted by Wendy Johnson and Robert F.   Krueger of   the University of Minnesota entitled â€Å"How Money Buys Happiness: Genetic and Environmental Processes Linking Finances and Life Satisfaction† shows that those people who have low income are most likely be happy when an increase in income occurs and that those who have much often do not affected with the increase. One reason for this is that, those who have less have the opportunity to experience the satisfaction and easiness of life when they have much. On the other hand, those who already have, will not likely to recognize because they are used to it or they have expected it. They are used to the kind of life abundance can give.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Nevertheless, people are mostly affected with an increase in income so with the decrease of it. But, in person’s happiness, money contributes in a way that is unimaginable. Money Effect on Well Being and Culture   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Culture and money have connection. Money contributed to the development of culture. A developed country has different culture than those which are developing. Is money involved in this? Yes. Money contributes a lot. The rise of technology influences a culture in that nation. Because culture is constantly changing, people’s well-being also changes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Before the great rise of civilization, people are happy when they have food in their table. They are contented with what they have. But today people are more concerned with life’s pleasure and easiness. They are no longer contented with the three meals. They even want to have things that make every works or moves easy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   People from a developed country cannot be affected with an increase in income. Subjective well being will not be affected. But for those who are from developing countries, an increase in income or a big sum of money has a great impact or effect to their subjective well being. This is also the reason why more people find ways to work in developing countries. Because everyday lives involve money, culture and subjective well being is directly affected with money. Will Money Increase Subjective Well Being? As what we’ve known, subjective well being is directly affected by money. An increase can give a noticeable effect on it. We will site an example. A person who has a job is more likely to be happier than those who are craving or even asking penny for a living. Although being used to the situation makes it unnoticeable, it still gives an impact on someone’s subjective well being.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As what we’ve mentioned from above statements, we say that money increases subjective well being. But, it depends on the status of the person. If he is a rich man living in a wealthy nation, he most likely not affected with it and his happiness is never increase with money but when a person comes from a poor nation, effect of money will greatly be notice. References: Diener, E. and Biswas, R. (2001). Will Money Increase Subjective Well Being? : A Literature Review and Guide to Needed Research. Social Indicators Research, Vol. 57, Number 2. Netherlands: Springer Johnson, W. and Krueger, R. (2006). How Money Buys Happiness: Genetic and Environmental Processes Linking Finances and Life Satisfaction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 90(4), pp. 680-691. US: American Psychological Association Kuan, D. (2005). Income and Happiness: Earning and Spending as Sources of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Discontent. The Journal of Socio-Economics, Vol. 34(2), pp. 161-177. Netherlands: Elsevier Science Binswanger, M. (2006). Why does income growth fail to make us happier? Searching for the treadmills behind the paradox of happiness. The Journal of Socio-Economics, Vol. 35(2), pp. 366-381. Netherlands: Elsevier Science Diener, E. and   Oishi, S. (2003). Money and Happiness: Income and Subjective Well-Being Across Nations. Culture and Subjective Well-Being. US: The MIT Press

The Physiological Healing Process Of Soft Tissue Biology Essay

The Physiological Healing Process Of Soft Tissue Biology Essay It is imperative, as a sports therapist, to understand the process of soft tissue repair to develop a safe and effective management plan for clients injury problems. Understanding this, allows us to decide what modalities or interventions to apply. If certain therapy techniques or inappropriate exercises are applied, it can lead to further problems in the healing stages. A therapist cannot change the time is takes to heal an injury but can certainly make the stages more effective. There are four stages of healing that will be discussed in more detail later on in the essay. In the event of an injury, the process of healing that follows depends on the extent of the injury and the approximation of the wound sites stump ends. There are two types of tissue healing; primary and secondary intention. Healing by primary intention commonly occurs in minor wounds wherein the tissue separation is small and a bridge of cells bind the ends of the wound together, resulting in a small line of scar tissue. Healing by secondary intention occurs in more severe wounds, where the stump ends cannot be bridged as they are too far apart. The wound heals by producing tissue from around the wound to fill the space created by the wound. This can occur in second degree sprains where ligament tissue is torn and not surgically repaired. Secondary intention healing takes longer than primary and also results in a larger scar. Healing can be described as a continuum of changing events. There are four common stages to healing; bleeding, inflammation, proliferation and re-modelling. All the stages overlap considerably and are not separate. Figure 1 healing phases Diagram to illustrate the four stages of healing (Watson, 2009) Figure 1 shows a basic overview of the four stages. The phases are shown individually, but in reality, they are overlapped. Some events associated with one phase act as stimulant for the next phase. The first stage of soft tissue repair is bleeding. As a result of soft tissue damage; blood vessels are damaged as well. The severity of the bleeding depends upon the vascularity of the tissue involved. Muscles have a more increased vascularity than ligaments. This stage lasts around 6 to 8 hours depending on the tissue involved. The main focus of a sports therapists management would be to rest. It would be advisable to use crutches, stopping any weight bearing activity, as bleeding can start if the wound opens up again. A compression bandage could be considered to delay the onset of the inflammation phase. Restricting the intake of alcohol, aspirins and medications could be beneficial for the patient as these can thin the blood considerably. Once the body has moved into the haemostasis stage, bleeding will stop and the repair phase moves into the inflammation stage. The second stage of healing is inflammation. The shift from bleeding to inflammation is not clear, as there may be some bleeding in the start of the inflammation phase. Houglum (2005) identifies that there are five cardinal signs to inflammation; heat, redness, swelling, pain and loss of function. This is a normal and necessary process to healing and can take up to 2 to 3 days. The stage can be initiated by numerous events such as trauma, mechanical irritation and thermal or chemical insult. Houglum (2005, p.37) states that During inflammation, the injury is contained and stabilized and debris removed. There are two elements to the inflammatory events that occur in parallel; vascular and cellular. The vascular phase consists of close interaction between cells and chemicals, the process of chemotaxis taking place causing vascular permeability. Vascular permeability allows cells and chemicals that are in the blood stream to enter the injury site and perform their functions to heal the tissue. It is initially caused by histamine, a local hormone that is released by cells that enter the area due to which blood vessels get larger and leaker. As a result of this unwanted fluids and waste material are cleared. Histamine is a short lived hormone and its function is carried on by serotin and kinins. Kinins presence at the injury site is also short term and is followed by prostaglandin formation. There are two prostaglandins, one continuing the vascular permeability and one attracts leukocytes to the injury site. These prostaglandins stimulate repair or the damaged site and stimulate the stage into proliferation. As a result of vasodilation and vasopermeability there is an increase in f low volume, an increase in hydrostatic pressure and swelling. The other phase of the inflammation stage is cellular events where there is a migration of various cells to the injured area. Platelets release phospholipids which effectively stop the bleeding by stimulating a clotting mechanism. According to Houglum (2005, p. 38) Platelets also bind to the collagen fiber stumps that were exposed by the injury. Platelets can also release substances such as fibronectin, growth factors and fibrogen. Watson (2009) suggests that following the bleeding phase, fibrin and fibronectin form a solid layer that helps the adhesion of various cells, like a plug stopping the bleeding. As the healing stage progresses, the plug is replaced by type III collagen. Leakage from the blood vessels is stopped by the fibrin plug, which compromises their ability to remove the extra fluid from the area. However, later on fibrinolysin is released allowing drainage of excess fluid from the area. Within the first few hours of injury, white blood cells such as neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils start to remove debris from the site. As these are short lived, they are replaced by monocytes and macrophages. These exhibit a strong phagocytic activity that is responsible for the tissue debridement that takes place. Houglum (2005) argues that inflammation can become harmful if it is prolonged, further than the normal healing time. Generally an injury should be passed through to acute inflammation and then to healing. Conversely, if acute inflammation is interrupted there can be a negative effect and as a result the injury can move into chronic inflammation. Chronic inflammation will result in a pus formation consisting of dead white blood cells. Failure of the body to deal with the initial insult is where healing fails to take place. As a result of this healing by fibrosis takes place where scar tissue is formed. The goal of a sports therapist would be to facilitate inflammation but minimizing it (Houglum, 2005). This would be accomplished by applying initial first aid using the price principles. Protection via bandages and supports to the injury would be applied to reduce the likeliness of further bleeding or swelling. Brukner and Khan (2007) suggest that rest, with the use of crutches for lower limb injury and a sling for upper limb, will help reduce the metabolic requirement around the injury site. Ice can slow down nerve conduction, which slows down the rate pain gets to the spinal cord, effectively reducing the pain sensation. Ice would also increase vasospasm, reducing uncontrolled swelling around the injury. Brukner and Khan (2007) also advise that compression and elevation reduce swelling around the area and can decrease the effect of hydrostatic pressure which helps to reduce pain around the site. Hands off techniques such as active movements in a pain free range can beneficial. Inflammation takes place in an anaerobic environment. After the macrophages clean up the injury site they recruit and activate other cells that start through anaerobic respiration where lactic acid is produced. Lactic acid stimulates the next stage of tissue repair named proliferation. The third stage of soft tissue repair is proliferation, the true phase of healing, when bleeding has completely stopped. Watson (2009) suggests that it is the restoration of tissue continuity with the deposition of repair tissue. The stage of proliferation has a rapid onset of 24 to 48 hours but takes much longer to reach its peak reactivity, between 2 to 3 weeks. If the tissue is more vascular, it will take a shorter time in reaching peak proliferation production. There are two fundamental processes involved in the repair which are fibroplasia and angiogenesis. The migration of fibroblasts is principally responsible for the development of new capillaries and extracellular matrix. A production of substances made by the fibroblasts will make up a matrix of collagen, proteoglycans and elastin which are required for vital scar tissue formation and proliferation. This migration to the injured site, allows fibroblasts to lay down collagen type III. Although, the fibre structure of type III collagen is weak, it helps provide the wounds primary tensile strength. It can be easily torn if too much stress is applied. Alongside fibroplasia, a process called angiogenesis takes place. Watson (2009) states à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦capillaries in the region of the tissue damage bud and grow towards the repair zone. Blood flow through the region is re-established, providing oxygen and nutrients while removing metabolic waste products. Oxygen is essential for many of the repair processes, but more importantly for collagen production. This process of tissue maturation continues into the remodelling phase. To facilitate the proliferation stage, a sports therapist should apply heat to increase the blood flow to the area, effectively bringing more oxygen to the injury site and allowing more collagen production. Houglum (2005) believes ultrasound promotes collagen and myofibroblast production. Ultrasound would facilitate the proliferation phase as there is an increased need of collagen and myofibroblasts. Brukner and Khan (2007) claim that proprioceptive work such as joint awareness and positional sense can help enhance general coordination which will help facilitate strength and endurance exercises required in the next stage. Nutritional support such as whey proteins and vitamin c can speed up the healing process. Various authors (Houglum, 2005 and Watson, 2009) identify that the remodelling stage normally starts at the peak of proliferation around 2-3 weeks and can last up to 18 months. Wound contraction starts and type III collagen are converted to type I, to stabilise and restore the injury site. As there is more type I collagen, it becomes more insoluble and less resistant to damage. Collagen fibres produce more cross links as fluid is reduced in the area, strengthening the structure of the scar. Eventually this cross linking becomes the major source of the scars tensile strength. The large numbers of capillaries produced in the proliferation phase are no longer needed and start to retreat. Fibroblasts migrated from the previous stage will also reduce. Visible changes can be seen, with the cellular changes taking place including the loss of scars red colour changing to white and then evening out with natural skin tone. Therapeutic interventions to facilitate the remodelling phase can be a range of exercises and deep tissue work. These can help the arrangement of collagen fibres. Houglum (2005, p.43) claims that: When collagen fibers are aligned in an organized, parallel fashion, collagen can form the greatest number of cross links and thereby possess optimal strength. In this organised arrangement, function and mobility is at its greatest degree and properly applied forces can enhance it. Khan and Scott (2009, p. 249) in their report confirm that: The benefits of loading include improved alignment of regenerating myotubes, faster and more complete regeneration, and minimisation of atrophy of surrounding myotubes. Physical stress is an important component in the development of quality tissue repair. With this in mind, resistance training can be considered. Brukner and Khan (2007) suggest that resistance training may stimulate collagen synthesis. Strength and power training such as squats, dead lifts, compounds lifts that use more than one joint will increase the strength not only in the wounded area but the overall body. Sports specific exercises and complex training can also help in this stage. Brukner and Khan (2007) identify that stretching will promote a flexible strong scar. These interventions can speed up the conversion of type III collagen fibres into type I. General factors that delay the healing process are age, protein deficiency, low vitamin c levels, steroids and NSAIDs and temperature when low. The local factors known to delay healing are a poor blood supply, adhesion to bone or other underlying tissue, continued inflammation, drying of the wound and excessive movement can restart inflammation. Bleeding, inflammation, proliferation and remodelling are the four stages of soft tissue repair that are distinct but overlapping. From a sports therapists perspective it is important we apply therapeutic intervention at the right time and the appropriate management in order to facilitate the repair process avoiding delays by entering the chronic inflammation phase. Each athlete or client has different post injury sporting goals, level of skill and degrees of competitiveness, which all influence the rehabilitation programme. Therapeutic exercise must be administered carefully without causing harm to the healing tissues if rehabilitation programs are to be successful.

Is Print Media Dead? Essay -- essays research papers

Print media and journalism in general has a bright future in the upcoming decade. I do believe that it is shifting, and we may have to redefine journalism. Journalism has always defined newspapers, magazines, and the printed word. Broadcast journalists also earn that distinction but to a lesser degree because of the medium they work in. I do think that the printed works of journalists are here to stay for a long time. The area that I see changing is where the words are going to be printed. Words are they going to be on paper or on electronic screens? I have always liked newspapers. They can be taken anywhere by anyone. They can also be folded into paper airplanes and thrown around classrooms. The final resting-place of many newspapers is the bathroom. I know that in my house that is where the front page and sports section is. This particular journalism class likes newspapers. I walk in and see many of my classmates reading one everyday. The technology for the extinction of newspapers has been around for fifty years. Fifty years has passed and still newspapers and magazines hold a dominant place in the culture of every race on earth. What makes them so attractive? The information they contain is the main attraction. A poor family in Italy can find out how their favorite soccer team did against the English. A starving Ethiopian can find out when the next shipment of humanitarian aid is coming to his village. We Americans can find out if McDonalds is coming out with a new combo...

Getting to Yes by Roger Fisher Essay examples -- Negotiation Getting Y

Getting to Yes by Roger Fisher Whether or not we are aware of it, each of us is faced with an abundance of conflict each and every day. From the division of chores within a household, to asking one’s boss for a raise, we’ve all learned the basic skills of negotiation. A national bestseller, Getting to Yes, introduces the method of principled negotiation, a form of alternative dispute resolutions as opposed to the common method of positional bargaining. Within the book, four basic elements of principled negotiation are stressed; separate the people from the problem, focus on interests instead of positions, invest options for mutual gain, and insist on using objective criteria. Following this section of the book are suggestions for problems that may occur and finally a conclusion. In this journal entry I will be taking a closer look at each of the elements, and critically analyse the content; ultimately, I aim to briefly bring forth the pros and cons of Getting to Yes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Principled negotiation allows disputants to obtain what they are entitled to, while enabling them to be fair, at the same time protecting against those who would take advantage of their fairness . Although the points made are logical and indeed a great approach to certain types of conflict, I found that in some cases the method did not completely come together. More than anything, I found the method altogether was simplistic and for an ideal situation. While going through the four elements, I shall illustrate these points.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first method of principled negotiation is to separate the people from the problem. Although it seems to be quite a simple process, I found a major question came to mind: â€Å"What if the people are the problem?†. Being a teenager, I know that sometimes the only reason for conflict is emotions and feelings. A person feels they have been wronged, the other disagrees, and separating the people from the problem becomes virtually impossible. Getting to Yes briefly proposes some solutions to emotion, such as recognizing both side’s emotions, making emotions explicit and acknowledging them as legitimate, allowing the other side to let off steam, not reacting to emotional outbursts, and using symbolic gestures . Again, I found these guidelines to be oversimplified and completely void of the fact that human’s are inapt to simply putting their feelings aside. Also... ...Although this theory is very rational and scholarly it again asks for a very ideal situation of fairness where the chances of both disputants coming to these terms seems unattainable. Also, it is quite obvious that what one sees as fair, another may not. All the same, the theory by itself provides great principles for negotiation that if followed honestly by both parties would most likely lead to a satisfactory agreement.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In conclusion, the theory of principled negotiation is very impressive, although it at times seems to be simplistic and meant for an ideal world. Nevertheless, it allows all sides of the conflict to be examined through the broadening of options. It allows disputants to maintain any relationship that they had before the conflict and negotiation. Overall, principled negotiation is meant to lead to satisfactory results for both sides, creating a win-win situation for all. Works Cited Colti, Laurie S. Conflict Diagnosis and Alternative Dispute Resolution. New Jersey,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  USA.: Pearson Education, 2004. Fisher, Roger, William Ury, and Bruce Patton. Getting to Yes: Negotiation Agreement   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Without Giving In. New York, USA.: Penguin Books, 1991.

In Praise of the Humble Comma Essay

â€Å"In Praise of The Humble Comma† examples, and comparisons to God, are used to convey to the audience the necessity for punctuation in the written language. The necessity can be broken down into two different needs, the first being the grammatical need, and the other being the emotional need, which will be discussed later. In the beginning of the essay Iyer compares the comma to the gods because they can both â€Å"give breath and take it away† (1). The gods are said to have created the world and all of the living creatures on it, including man. As a part of man’s creation we were given breath in order to live, and as part of life, it is taken away-death. Iyer then returns to his subject, the comma, which he states â€Å"it be breath itself† (1). The comma is the written representation of the short pauses, the quick little breaths, which are taken when people speak. Since the comma represents breath, it gives breath when used, and takes it away when it isn’t. Such an abstract idea may seem illogical, but it has validity. Without the comma, every compound, complex, and compound- complex sentence would become too complicated to understand. The reader wouldn’t be able to find the purpose of a written work, and therefore would lose interest. So in a way it could be said that the comma is holding the written language together, constituting why Iyer wrote his essay on it. Iyer uses several examples, both direct and indirect, to further illustrate the importance of the comma and to allow his audience to truly grasp just how important the comma actually is to writing. He directly compares the comma to â€Å"a labor of love† (9) which can â€Å"let us hear a voice break or a heart† (9). A labor of love is when one does something tedious and time consuming for another because they are very important to them and they love them. Writers go through all the rules of grammar, and apply them to their work because they care about their audience. It is tedious work for them, but they do it because they love their readers, and want them to be able to understand the work in its fullest. This is the emotional necessity that was mentioned earlier. Punctuation allows for the author to care about their audience, and show the audience that they care. The comma is more than a punctuation mark; it is the giver of breath; the connection between author and audience.

Narrative Voice in Pride and Prejudice Essay

Read the passage from Pride and Prejudice (volume 1, chapter XVII) carefully several times. Then, in an continuous essay of no more than 1,000 words, analyse the passage, discussing ways in which the narrative voice and dialogue are used. Throughout the passage, Jane Austen uses a variety of different narrative and dialogue techniques. The reader hears from three different people, an omniscient narrator, Elizabeth Bennet and Jane Bennet. Through these characters the technique of â€Å"showing† is used, which involved direct speech and â€Å"telling† where the narrator describes what is happening, what the characters are saying and how they are feeling. The â€Å"showing† technique allows the reader to see what the characters are saying to each other, so in this passage, the reader ‘sees’ the conversation between Elizabeth and Jane. â€Å"Telling† involves the use of free indirect speech and focalization, giving the reader a detailed view of the character and â€Å"telling† the reader what the character is thinking and feeling. The passage opens with the omniscient narrator introducing a discussion between Jane and Elizabeth regarding Mr. Wickham’s dealings with Mr. Darcy. Austen uses the â€Å"telling technique† to introduce this passage to give clarity to the reader as to what the discussion is about, Austen opens with â€Å"Elizabeth related to Jane the next day, what had passed between Mr. Wickham and herself†. Elizabeth has decided to share her conversation with her sister Jane the following day, which means that Elizabeth has firstly had time to digest what Wickham has told her and secondly the narrator is telling us that she is close to her sister, because she is sharing this important information with her. The narrator uses free indirect speech which allows the reader to trust Elizabeth’s account of Wickham to be true, even though the reader does not know what has been spoken between the sisters. The narrator uses Jane for focalization. Through the â€Å"telling† technique the reader is allowed to see Jane’s reaction to Elizabeth’s encounter with Wickham, Austen writes â€Å"Jane listened with astonishment and concern†. Jane is â€Å"astonished† because the reader knows she thinks so highly of Bingley and she does not believe he would be connected with Mr. Darcy if the statement was true, â€Å"she knew not how to believe that Mr. Darcy could be so unworthy of Mr. Bingley’s regard†. Jane is concerned as she is hoping for a marriage with Mr. Bingley and does not want anything to ruin her plans, the narrator informs, â€Å"it was not in her nature to question the veracity of a young man†. Jane’s character is not one which would look for bad qualities in a person and through this form of free indirect speech; Austen is able to create a tone and expression which Jane’s character would use. Jane concludes that s he wishes to keep an open mind and believes there is another explanation for what has passed stating â€Å"It is in short impossible for us to conjecture the causes or circumstances which may have alienated them†. The next part of the passage shows direct speech between Jane and Elizabeth, and the â€Å"showing† technique is used to state their difference of opinions. Jane feels there is no one to blame other than misunderstanding on both parties. Elizabeth however, uses a mocking tone in her response to Jane exclaiming â€Å"and now, my dear Jane, what have you got to say on behalf of the interested people who have probably been concerned in the business?† Elizabeth is trying to convince her sister that her point of view is the correct one, and also by referring to Jane as â€Å"my dear Jane† although she is mocking her, there is fondness and closeness for her sister and it highlights Jane’s character of seeing the good in all people and a little naivety on Jane’s character. Throughout the dialogue between Jane and Elizabeth the narrator is â€Å"showing† the reader how Elizabeth is trying to convince her sister that Wickham is being honest in his account of his dealings with Mr. Darcy. Elizabeth gets the reader to instinctively believe what Wickham has told her, without question or doubt. The reader trusts what Elizabeth is saying and the likability of the character also emphasises this. Elizabeth past accounts of events have been very shrewd if a little ironic, however the reader may guess that Elizabeth may be wrong in her prejudice towards Mr. Darcy. Although Elizabeth uses facts and names to convince Jane, Jane is still doesn’t believe the situation to be true, Jane proclaims â€Å"It’s difficult indeed†. Again the reader sees Jane’s personality as someone who does not look at anyone in a bad way through this direct speech. The narrator uses â€Å"showing† in Elizabeth’s reply of â€Å"I beg your par don – one knows exactly what to think†, meaning that Elizabeth is still convinced Wickham is being truthful and she feels very strongly about this and almost convincing herself Darcy has most defiantly done wrong. Jane’s character is used to focalize again, allowing the reader to see how she reacts to Elizabeth. The narrator then uses free indirect speech to show the reader how Jane is thinking and worrying about Mr. Bingley and how could be viewed publicly – â€Å"Jane could think with certainty on only one point, – that Mr. Bingley, if he had been imposed on, would have much to suffer†. The passage closes with the arrival of the Bingley’s, going from narrative voice to authorial comment, Austen writes â€Å"the arrival of the very persons of whom they had been speaking†. The Bingley’s give their invitation to Netherfield ball and the narrative voice changes to indirect speech reporting what the characters say. The reader learns of how the Bingley sisters treat Jane and her family through the narrative voice and showing the fondness they have for Jane, â€Å"The two ladies were delighted to see their dear friend again† however the reader sees the rest of the family are treated differently stating â€Å"To the rest of they paid little attention; avoiding Mrs. Bennet as much as possible, saying not much to Elizabeth, and nothing at all to the others†. The techniques of showing and telling which Austen uses this allows the reader to see how convinced Elizabeth is with Wickham’s story of Darcy and how she pre judges him on the basis of someone else’s story, linking to the major theme and title of the book. Wickham is now shown as a good character an Darcy as a bad character. Through the sympathy the reader has with Elizabeth the reader is able to believe Elizabeth’s judgment on both Wickham and Darcy’s character.

Organisation, Competition and Environment Assignment

Organisation, Competition and Environment - Assignment Example The Unique Point Tutorials has over a hundred students, taught by Dowell herself with the assistance of some half a dozen teachers for different subjects. Dowell prefers coaching the younger children, leaving the older children of higher grades to the teachers who are specialized in different subjects. As an individual proprietor, Dowell had never felt the need to draw up objectives or targets. Business-wise, she was prospering. However, a few students of the higher standards had opted to change over to the new classes since they were offering offshore services, being affiliated with universities abroad. This has made Dowell think on global terms. On her husband's advice, she consulted a chartered accountant, who has asked her to crystallize her aims and objective, and targets from the current year. She decided on a two-pronged approach to her objectives which were to be external objectives and stakeholders'/internal objectives. To institutionalize her tutorial with her husband as a co-associate, and draw up a Memorandum of Association and encourage interested parents to become members in the association, with a view to promote total education for everybody in the locality. With a view to further strengthen her position vis--vis the competiti... To formulate principles of best practice, promote research, and link up with reputed overseas universities. To lobby for increased funding for capital expenditure to rent or purchase additional rooms to accommodate a hundred more students. (http://www.aicafmha.net.au)1 With a view to further strengthen her position vis--vis the competition, Dowell decided to identify her stakeholders and their objectives, and the objectives' status as of date. After deliberating, she concluded that her chief stakeholders were the students, parents and the teachers/staff. She also decided to make time for discussion and consultation with each of them in order to gather useful data and ideas, strengthen relationships, enhance the associations' reputation, improve decision-making, and also make these practices a part of her mainstream business practice. B)The stakeholders'/internal Objectives were: 1) For Students: To pursue and foster learning, enquiry, and through this to realise the Association's mission to be an academic community working together to create a learning environment in which teaching and learning is of the highest quality, supporting students and their personal development, and contributing to the well-being of their region and nation. To offer programmes of study at school, undergraduate and postgraduate levels that provide students with varying entry qualifications, experience and an educational base for a range of employment and further training opportunities. To provide appropriate curricula and learning experiences that satisfy the requirements of relevant professional and accrediting bodies. To provide scholarship to deserving students. To enable students to acquire a working knowledge of core

Product and Service Design Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Product and Service Design - Research Paper Example Firms are acknowledging the model behind manufacturing can be translated beyond cost control to design products and services that are easily maintained and serviced. Improving the manufacturing process is an important goal in product and service design (WSP, 2013). A powerful tool can be used to lower manufacturing costs as well as improve the quality of the product or service. Background of the Chapter under Review The value of a business organization is the products and services it offers, all aspects of the organization and the structure of supply chain around the products and services. It is clear that organizations with properly designed products and services are in a better place in realization of their goals than those with defectively designed products and services. Products or service design should be closely linked with an organization’s strategy. This is owing to the fact that it is a major aspect in quality assurance, cost, customer satisfaction and competitive advantage. As a result, various departments including finance, IT, HR, finance, operations and accounting should be involved (Stevenson, 2011). It can be noted that a major cause of operations failed can be attributed to faulty design. Designs that are not

PROJECTS & SYSTEMS THEORY Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 1

PROJECTS & SYSTEMS THEORY - Assignment Example Von Bertalanffy (1962, 12) adds that the systems theory is fundamentally based on the notion of system interactions. The concept of system can also be drawn back to Aristotle claims who believed that knowledge is built when one understands the whole and not the single parts. Since the systems theory have proven to apply to many disciplines, most scientists have struggled to shift from the notion of whole to part, in order to capture the particular systems that run the world in different disciplines. Research shows that a number of scholars and authors have adopted the system analysis in describing organizations in relation to their environments. Burns and Stalker (1961, 81) argues that visualizing organizations as systems enables management and marketing. Notable scientists that have developed the systems theory include William Rowan Hamilton. Hamilton (2000, 230) developed the theory focusing on the system of rays in physics. He states that a system of light rays is a collection of lines, which are connected by a common bond and have similar points of origin. When the rays diverge from a source, they compose an optical system, and, when they are reflected on a mirror, they form another system. Hamilton ideas are essential in describing the systems theory that encompasses the aspects of a super system, systems and sub-systems. Hamilton (1997, 35) argues that it is important to integrate the parts of a problem in order to understand the systems theory as a whole as well as the interdependency of these parts. Tien and Berg (2003, 23) defines systems theory as the way of studying any system as a whole instead of the individual parts. Therefore, a system is the group of individual system components that work together to achieve certain goals and objectives. In order to understand and appreciate the systems theory, it is important to learn the components of the

The Analysis of the Song Run Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Analysis of the Song Run - Essay Example The song is written in a way to highlight a strong or unique vocalist, as it becomes the primary responsibility of the vocalist to imbue the song with life. Similar styles have been witnessed with such vocalists as Nico from the Velvet Underground, or the underground alternative rock artist Cat Power. The music begins with the song’s lyrics start. A snare drum is heard playing slow and hushed-like. An electric guitar plays a minimalist melody. Two to three chords are played, currently, there is no bass being used. After a few minutes, the guitar and drum combo ends. The bass guitar and the drums continue as the vocals finally started. The first three lines state, â€Å"I go away to a place/ Way far out in space/ That is away from the things I know†. This line refers to the imaginative process that I go under when I play music or think in lyrical terms. Additionally, the reference to space refers to the aesthetic qualities of the universe as the great unknown of human experience. The lyrics here are relayed in a subdued tone in accordance with the minimalist melody that has already been established by the bass guitar and drums. Overrated/ But can’t think of/ What to do about it † Here the bass guitar and snare drums continue in a minimalist style along with the vocals. The lyrics are composed in a purposely meandering way. In this way, they do not follow the strict pattern of grammatically correct discourse, but instead, adopt a logic that is acceptable within the confines of music. The lyrics additionally reflect a general existential malaise that is recurrent throughout the track. One imagines the vocalist spending the day alone and lazily reaching over and grabbing a guitar. The music in terms of the vocals and the melody is then improvisational in an aesthetic sense. The bass guitar melody as does not need to be incredibly consistent. Instead, this could even be reinvented for each song.

BINGE DRINKING Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

BINGE DRINKING - Essay Example The effects of binge drinking are harmful not only to the social and professional life but also to the physical health of a person. Hence, preventing young people from developing the habit of binge drinking is extremely essential. It is important to note that the study of risk factors have shown that binge drinking is more of a lifestyle related problem. Binge drinking is considered as a ‘courageous’ and ‘macho’ thing to do and hence, is taken as a challenge by aggressive young people. It is the desire to live a thrilling life that leads to binge drinking. Hence, if binge drinking is to be reduced or prevented among adolescents and young adults, then immediate and essential steps are needed to be taken by authoritative bodies to make changes in the college environment, and form some strict rules as it is the desire of enjoying a rash and dangerous lifestyle that leads young people to indulge in binge drinking. Definition Throughout the world, binge drinking is defined differently (Tischler 29). In Sweden, binge drinking is defined as â€Å"drinking a half bottle of hard liquor or two bottles of wine on one occasion† (Tischler 29). For Italians, having even eight drinks a day is not binging (Tischler 29). English people think that a person can be called a binge drinker only when he has 11 or more drinks on one occasion (Tischler 29). This shows that the definition of binge drinking differs on the basis of the amount of alcohol consumed on one occasion. In 1994, social psychologist Henry Wechsler defined binge drinking as â€Å"five or more drinks for men and four or more drinks for women† (Watson 98). According to Wechsler, when men take five or more drinks in one sitting and women take four or more drinks in one sitting, then they are said to be indulging in binge drinking (Watson 101). However, some groups refused this definition as they say that the factor of amount of time over which the drinks were consumed is not ref lected in the definition (Watson 101). This definition was modified to include the factor of short time in binge drinking. According to the National Institute of Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, binge drinking is defined as â€Å"5 or more drinks for males and 4 or more drinks for females in a 2-hour period† (Kearney and Trull 249). From the definition, it is clear that when alcohol is consumed in large amount on one occasion, then it creates fatal results. The effects of binge drinking are extremely dangerous. Effects of binge drinking Studies have shown that binge drinking affects young people in very serious way. It not only affects their performance at schools, colleges or work, but also prove to be life threatening. Binge drinking is known to kill people as it has the potential to affect the functioning of the body in serious ways. Some of the negative effects of binge drinking are discussed below. Negative impact on academic performance One of the wrong understandings that lead to binge drinking is the idea of ‘occasional drinking.’ Young people tend to forget that it is by getting into a trap of ‘occasional drinking’ or ‘few drinks’ that one usually becomes addicted to binge drinking. People lose control and never realize when they crossed the limits of ‘few drinks’ or ‘once in a while’ (Alagna 29). It has been found in one of the national studies that the rate of educational, social and health problems are higher in students who

Asch Conformity Experment Essay Example for Free

Asch Conformity Experment Essay The Asch Paradigm Majority Influence Introduction In this essay i will discuss the experiment that Solomon Asch’s conducted in (1950) were his main was aim was to discover how majority influence can affect one individual judgment and how pressure from the majority can pressurise one person to Conform, I will also evaluate his research method, the results and the findings he attained. Aim S Solomon Asch’s had disapproved of the Conformity experiment conducted by Muzzafer Sherriff as Asch had felt that sheriffs visual illusion known as the auto kinnect didn’t really show any results of conformity as the participants were asked to take part in an ambiguous task were they were just asked to point out how far the a light travelled in a dark room, Asch believed that Sherrifs experiment clearly had no right or wrong answer so it was impossible for the experiment to show any results of conformity in a group situation. Asch figured the only way to measure the rates of conformity was to place an individual in a group situation were they would be influenced by the majority even if they knew their group was giving incorrect answers on a task that was ambiguous and obviously correct. The Method (laboratory experiment)

Development of Internet Television Service

Development of Internet Television Service EXTENDED INTERNET USAGE 1. Introduction The first question that arises in our mind when we are talking about the internet is â€Å"What is Internet?†. So Internet is basically Network of computers that is connecting millions and millions of computers globally. Over the past 4 decades Internet has undergone a huge transformation from being used in academic research and moved into a broader platform of commercial usage. With each and every passing day Internet is turning into an indispensable and essential part of our life. With each and every step taken towards improvement of the internet every sphere of our life is directly getting affected; it is not only making our tasks much easier but also saving us a lot of time 2. Uses Of Internet 1. Communication (Fig-1): It is one best things that internet has introduced worldwide. It is very easy nowadays to communicate with people who are living very far away from us with ease. Earlier it was a very difficult task to accomplish; now we can directly chat with people very easily. Video Conferencing is making it easier for people actually see each other while talking. Fig-1 (Communication) Fig-2 (Research) 2. Research (Fig-2):Few decades whenever we had to do some research we had through hundreds of books to find something which is of relevance. Since internet came into being we can say that â€Å"everything is just a click away†. We can easily search our topic using several search engines available to us using internet thus saving us a lot of time. 3. Education (Fig-3): There are books, reference books, study materials, Web-help centers are available online which makes education an easy and interesting experience. Websites are available that can help you gain knowledge about everything without taking the help of any other individual. There are tutorials and even test series available in the internet so that one can test this knowledge. Fig-3 (Education) Fig-4 (Financial Transaction) 4. Financial Transactions (Fig-4): With the use of internet Financial transactions a have become a much easier task as it was few years ago. Now instead of physically being present in the bank, we can directly log into the bank website and with the help of the provided authentication documents by the bank. Once we are inside our account we can do any transaction at our will. We can also do fixed deposits and Guaranteed investment Schemes directly through our online account 5. Real time updated (Fig-5): Any kind of news updated or any other happening or decision taken in once part of the world is available to us real time using the internet. There are websites available online through which we can actually get updates about almost every field be it business, finance, sports, entertainment, politics, Railways and airplane tracking. Fig-5(Real time Updates) Fig-6(Leisure) 6. Leisure (Fig-6): From watching videos to listening to your favorite music, watching movies, playing games, chatting with friends and family; all these leisure activities we do in our free time are with the use of internet only. Whenever we get time we prefer doing activities in the internet which would help us relax. Internet is something which can help us freshen up our mood in few minutes. 7. Online booking (Fig-7): Online booking of airplane tickets, movie tickets, railway tickets are not only hassle free but also easier task to accomplish. Instead to standing in a queue for hours we can now directly book tickets through the internet using desired website. Thus, making this process a less tedious and more reliable job. Fig-7 (Online Booking) Fig-8 (Job Search) 8. Job Search (Fig-8): There are countless number of websites available in the internet that gives us the information about vacancies in various companies. Even online application for the positions available. Job portal websites once anyone gets registered with them they will send you mails mentioning openings as per choice. 9. Blogging (Fig-9): People nowadays are interested in writing blogs. They have the option of publicize their work and it can reach people who as looking for a similar topic to discuss about. There are a lot of website available which can be used to write a blog, only registration with the website is required. Really good blog writers are sometimes contacted by big organization to write a blog about them. Moreover using Google AdSense money can also be earned on per click basis. Fig-9 (Blogging)  Fig-10 (Shopping) 10. Shopping (Fig-10): Online shopping has become one of the most attractive thing to do in the internet. People don’t have to leave their home just open some websites, Browse through the website and order their desirable product. One of the advantages of online shopping is that everything is available in each and every website. The product is directly delivered to your home. Product can also be returned back to the vendor if it not of good quality. 3. Extended Internet Usage Now as we have seen some basic uses of the internet. Let us discuss some more advanced uses. Even though there many additional uses of internet but we are going discuss about 4 main topics in this research paper. IPTV: Internet protocol Television(IPTV) is an assembly in which Television services are distributed over an IP network in a digitized form. So we can say that it uses the existing broadband network to deliver us a TV service which is more reliable, efficient and data is 100% digital, thus improving the overall quality over an analogue TV VOIP: Voice Over Internet Protocol(VOIP) is a system in which voice conversation can be conveyed over the IP network. The end user in a VOIP network has the authority to make telephone calls over the Broadband network. The Network used in such type of connections can be through the internet which makes it global or Intranet which makes it local the Inside Network of the company. Cloud Computing: Cloud Computing is a process in which data is stored in a Large centralized server or data storage unit. Thus providing an online access to the stored data as per requirement of the end user. The data stored in the cloud not only is shared my multiple users at the same time but also can be reallocated as per demand of the end user. Thus reducing the storage, power and space of data by using the same data for multiple users. MIRACAST: Miracast is basically a HDMI based dongle which is used for live streaming of Video and Audio channel without using an Access point. So a device which uses a point to point network technology which allows different devices to connect to each other using Wi-fi direct thus allowing them to share live streamed data. Now we will have an in-depth discussion of each and every topic separately discussing about their architecture, functioning, advantages etc. 4. IPTV 4.1 Introduction IPTV is basically an internet based television service which uses networking and architecture methods of the IP system over a Packet switching network structure. IPTV has 3 main groups in which it can be classified Live Television Time-Shift Program Video on Demand IPTV uses a set-top box which uses a broadband IP data network to access channels, subscription services and other multimedia services over and safe and end to end network. IPTV services are sometimes bundled with internet access and VOIP services altogether over the same infrastructure. IPTV is not as simple as someone watching a video over the internet. IPTV connection to home provided by telecom companies uses optical fiber and digital subscriber lines (DSL) to set up a link towards a housing compound. For Cable operators they use a hybrid fiber co-axial (HFC) cable to provide a broadband connection to the subscriber. IPTV incorporates the procurement, processing and safe delivery of all video content over an IP based Setup. The service provider uses various other service providers like satellite TV carriers, cable TV carriers, Telephone companies and private network operators to bundle up a single service which is provided to the end user. Figure. 11 shows the basic block diagram for a simplified IPTV system      Fig-11(Simplified IPTV network) 4.2 Features of IPTV There are some notable features of IPTV listed below Interactive TV: Rather than providing a half-duplex connection of the rudimentary cable TV connection, IPTV delivers us a two-way connection thus providing us an interactive TV packaged with services like High definition TV(HDTV),interactive games, learning programs, High speed internet browsing many more. Time Shift: IPTV when bundled with a digital video recorder (DVR) provides the end user the capability to record programs as per his choice. Thus providing him an option to time shifting of programming content. There are service providers who provide 7 days’ worth of data to be recorded in the DVR. Personalization: Due to a full-duplex bi-directional connection between the service provider and the end user, personalization option of the set-top box is available. The user can personalize what to watch, when to watch as per his comfort. Low Bandwidth Requirement: IPTV technology allows the service provider to stream only one channel which the end user has demanded rather than delivering each and every channel subscribed by the user Thus allowing the service provider to conserve bandwidth and reducing cost. Accessible to Multiple Devices: End user have the option of using their mobile, computers laptops to access the IPTV services instead of using television. 4.3 Architecture of IPTV The diagram (Fig-12) given below shows us the architecture of IPTV Fig- 12-IPTV System Architecture The functional blocks of IPTV architecture is given below Super Head End: The channels from the national broadcasters enter the IPTV network from here. The content here is processed, prepared and stored for transmission. Core Network: IP/MPLS Network technologies are used for transporting the traffic and to gain access to the network. Access Network: IPTV data streams are distributed to the DSLAMs Regional Head End: All the area specific local content is added to the network here. End User Premises: This is the termination point for the IPTV data stream. All Data is viewed at the customer end here. One super head available in the network can be used to serve millions of customers in the network by processing the video channels common to end users across the whole area. The IPTV delivery system is constructed in such a way that it can cover a large expanse of territory over the hierarchy of structure built to deliver the video content. Offices are located in each territory which are specially constructed to handle area specific local program and channels. 4.4 IPTV Networking Technologies The diagram (Fig-13) shows the structure of IPTV and Standardization bodies Fig-13 (IPTV Activities standardization bodies) DLNA: Digital Living Network Alliance is used for setting up the home network. HGI: Home Gateway Initiative sets up the standard adjoining the gateway between end user home network and broadband connection ISMA: Internet Streaming Media Alliance sets up the broadcast of the AVC video over IP. DSL Forum: Digital Subscriber Line is used for remote-management of residential gateways and set-top boxes. ITU: International Telecommunication Union standardizes the Distribution and access network architecture. ETSI: European Telecommunications Standards Institute standardizes the IP network used for transmission of the IPTV. ATIS: Automatic Terminal Information Service is standardizing the end to end IPTV architecture including contribution and distribution 4.5 Advantages of IPTV The signals which are used IPTV service s are 100% digital signals so better quality and easier to propagate. IPTV works on the existing internet connection, So if there is an available internet connection only the set-top box is needed to be installed and IPTV services can be used. IPTV services doesn’t require any kind of wires to get its signal. So a wireless system reduces the overhead of wires and wear tear of the wires with time. Programs can be stored in servers and can be viewed in accordance to the will of the end user thus providing flexibility. 5. VOIP 5.1 Introduction VOIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) is a process of communication in which the user can make telephone calls over the IP network. To transmit voice Signals/Conversation over the existing Data network (Wireless/Broadband) using Internet protocol VOIP is used. VOIP technology can be used over the internet as well as over the local intranet for communication within the company or special private network which are used specially for long distance calls.